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* * * Topic 2: Ghettos and deportation *  
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* Listen to the testimonies and then read the full background text from the link below. You should then be able to complete the activities.

Testimony

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. Jack Kagan . Edith Birkin . Fela Bernstein
"the Nazi arrived and started a selection" "I prayed and prayed and prayed and prayed" "we went into hiding"
. Ruth Foster . Ruth Foster . Barbara Stimler
"he had to take us away" "nobody was allowed to give birth to babies" "the wagons were full of people"
. Edith Birkin        
"dreadful dreadful smell"        
 
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The Nazis established ghettos all across the occupied countries from 1939 as a means to isolate the Jews from the general population and therefore control them more easily. They were usually established in the most run-down areas of a city and surrounded by barbed wire, walls or guards. The largest ghettos were in Poland.

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