|
General
aims:
- The
content of this web site is aimed at Year 9, GCSE pupils
who have already made an initial study of the Holocaust.
- The
site consists of 28 oral history testimonies gathered from
men and women living in Britain today.
- Oral
history, 'the interviewing of eye witness participants
in the events of the past for purposes of historical reconstruction'*
is a highly appropriate methodology for Holocaust studies.
- Oral
history enables students to:
Content
and use of website:
The
web resource contains five distinct information areas
entitled:
- Teacher
information
- Reference
section
- Testimony
library
- Student
information cards
- Student
topics
|
|
Students
will make the best use of the web site if they begin
by exploring the six Student topics in the order below
(the order fits into a time scale of the Holocaust)
and then follow the directives. The topics can also
be used for student research on a specific aspect of
the Holocaust. Below is a summary of contents for each
section
|
1.
Teacher information
Teachers'
introduction to website
Useful addresses / forum information
Audio use information
Teachers' worksheets/discussion sheets
Students worksheets (for printing)
Information for meeting a survivor |
|
|
2.
Reference section
Maps
- identifying locations of survivors such as places
of birth, work camps and extermination camps
Glossary explaining unfamiliar words mentioned in testimonies
Chronology providing a reminder of the major events
of the Holocaust
References to useful teaching publications/organisations
3.
Testimony library
Oral
testimony clips grouped under topic headings (enables
teachers to choose any oral testimonies for use with
students, without having to access the different topic
pages)
Survivor
biographies
Transcripts of oral testimonies
4.Student
information cards
Additional
information on specific aspects of the Holocaust
|
5.
Student topics
There
are six student topics:
- Life
before the Holocaust
- Ghettos
and deportation
- The
camps
- Resistance
- Liberation
- One
survivor's story - Edith Birkin
|
|
|
Each
section contains individual testimonies related to the
topic. The oral testimonies are short and have been
taken from lengthy life interviews stretching over several
hours (full recordings in The British Library National
Sound Archive). In addition each topic includes:
- A
full verbatim transcript for ease of access, supplementing
each oral testimony
- Student
activities relating to the topic
- Links
to student/teacher worksheets
|
Important
considerations:
- This
web resource does not aim to teach the whole history
of the Holocaust in chronological order. It is presumed
that history teachers will already have covered the
subject with students. Instead, the primary goal of
the site is to use oral history in order to enable
students to enhance their understanding of selected
issues from the Holocaust relating to survivors' testimonies.
- All
the testimonies here reflect the viewpoint of victims
of the Holocaust. There are no testimonies included
from the perpetrators or the bystanders. Teachers
should ensure they supplement these testimonies with
other historical sources in order to promote further
inquiry and discussion.
- In
order to prevent students from defining Jews as victims
of the Holocaust, they should recognise the validity
and strength of Jewish faith and culture. Students
should therefore explore examples of Jewish pre-war
culture. They should realise that millions of Jewish
individuals were murdered during the Holocaust, thus
destroying a way of life that had been developed over
centuries. In spite of this, Jewish faith and culture
managed to survive and continues today.
- Teachers
should explore the concept of anti-Semitism with students
before using the web site in order to prevent any
misleading false stereotypes concerning the depiction
of Jews.
- In
order to enhance their students' understanding of
the subject, teachers may consider gathering further
evidence to supplement the testimonies. This could
include historical sources, videos and visits by survivors.
- The
fact that the Holocaust was a unique event should
be emphasised by teachers. Although many groups were
persecuted by the Nazis, (including gypsies, people
with disabilities, gays, all political opponents,
black people, Jehovah's Witnesses) it was only the
Jews who were targeted for total extermination, using
economic and industrial methods to facilitate their
aims. Men, women and children were to be systematically
murdered for no other reason than the fact that they
were Jewish. The ideological motivation for their
persecution was racially based and culminated in genocide.
|
* "The
value of oral history for Holocaust research and remembrance",
by Rob Perks, paper presented at the Amsterdam Conference
on Remembrance, 2-5 May 2001, organised by the Task Force
for International Co-operation on Holocaust Education,
Remembrance and Research. |
|
|